Improvement in the manufacture of nuts



l r i .IosIIUA w; eAsKILI. ANI) .IA

I i Yspeciiic'ation. y

` y tapped.

`feres with the formationof a ln'ted States MES cHnIs'rIE, or PHILLIPSBUEG, NEW JERSEY. y

i `,Letters Patent Nol 97,901, dated Decanter 14, 1869.

" u I The Schedule referred to intheee Letters Patent and making part of the same.

Mii-

` We, JOSHUA W. GASKILI. andy JAMES CHRISTIE., p of Phillipsbnrg, county of Warren, and State of New p Jersey, have invented facture'of Nntlanks,` of which the following is a Nature cmd Olp'cctof the I invention'.

Our linvention consists informing nutfblanks, partly `by pressing and indenting the same when the metal is hot, and completing them bypunching when the Description of the' Accompanying Drawing. p Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of a machine,

" which may be used in carrying out a part of our in- I `vention; i

Figure 2,'a plan viewlot' the same; i `Flgures 3, 4, aud, enlarged views, in different positions, of a portion ofjg. `1,'illustrating the prepara- A, toryY process-of4 forming the 'nut-blanks I Figure 6, an enlarged view of a nut-blank, showing the method of completing our-process; and

Figure 7, aview of a finished blank, ready to be p y, ('f'eueral Description. I In the manufacture of nuts, the blanks are usually cut from `a -heated bar, and pressed up and punched y between dies while hot, or they are cutout from gold,A

bars, and punched silnultaneoi'isly with the cutting.

The hot-pressed blanks have the advantage ofbeing thoroughly pressed, and of being perfectly formed, externally, between the dies; but inV punching the metal,

' a hard, brittle skin or scale adheres to the sides/of the i, opening, and this scale, ilrtapping the blanks, intel'- perfect tbreadfand `speedily destroys the tap. v

p The cold-punched blanks, on the` contrary, being free from this scale, ca-n be tapped with the greatest I facility, but theylackl thefexternal inish and solidity `ofthe hot-pressed nut. l

p, By our invention, whichwe will now proceedl to f describe, all theadv'fantages of both ofthe old processes can be secured,- and their disadvantages obviated.

The machine illustratedV in the drawing, relates to' the hot-pressing portion of the process, and-is constructedias follows; y y f A represents ther/bedsplate of themachine, to which .f are secured the bearingsa a of the cranked ,driving`- Improvement in the Manu-Y `into a nut.

. shaft B, the guides b b, for the cutting and pressingdie C,`- the'die-box F, which receives the counter-die H, `and ablock, to which is secured a stationary .punch J, and is, in the present instance, so acted on by the -spring d as to be maintained in the position' shown in iig. 1, until' operated in the nianner described hereafterY Instead of employing the spring d, we prefer, in most cases, to impart a positive motion to the counter-die, by any suitable appliances. p The die C, instead of being made hollowfor the re-v `ception of the end of the punch, as inxother machines, is solid, the die, when at the limit of its forward movement, projecting no further into the die-box F than is illustrated in iig. 4.

In using the above machine, the end of the heated bar X, from which the blanks have to be made, is adjustedagainst a stop, L, secured to the face of the die-box, as shown in iig. 3. lhe die O then moving forward in the direction of the arrow, cuts off a portion of VJthe bar, and forces the severed piece into the die,and against the counter-die H and end of the punch J. y

Ilhe die H yields tothe extent shown in iig. 4, while the punch J remains stationary; the latter. consequently penetrates part way through the blank, and in erely indenting the metal, instead `ot` entirely removing a portion of' the same.

When the die C is withdrawn, the counter-die H `will return to its original position, forcing the indented `blank before it, as seen in fig. 5, and this completes A the first portion of the process.

The blank thus formed Ais Shown enlarged in fig. (i,

:l: representing the indentation formed'by the punch J, and g/ the iihn or web of metal which has yet to be removed.

All that is now necessary to complete the blank, is t'o remove the same," when cold, or nearly so, to an ordinary punching-machine, the punch z of which should have a diameter slightly exceeding that ofthe indentation Y The partly-finished blank is so adjusted on the machine as to be concentric with the punch c, on the do-V scent of which not only is the film or web 1/ punched through, butthe sides of the indentation are shaved by the sliarpcutting-edges of the punch, which thus serves as `a reamer, in forming in the blank a clean hole, free from the hard, scaly skin, which, in ordinary forged blanks, tends to impair the cutting-thread of .the tap, which must be used for convert-ing the blank \Vhile the blank thus formed has all the solidity of blanks formed entirely by the combined action of heat and pressure, it also possesses the advantage of a coldpunched nut, as regards the hole being in the best condition for the action of the tap.

The web or ihu y, through which the punch has to cut, is so thin thatcomparatively little power is required for forcing thc punch through the blank; and the duty of the punch is so light that uosuch disintegration of' the metal can take place as must of nen cessity occur when a punch has to make a hole entirely through the cold metal. l

lVe do not desire to claim, in this application, tbe mechanism described, as it has been illustrated and described inerely Wit-ha View of explaining one mode ofcarrying our process into effect, and not as the only device which could be efnployed for-,the purpose.

Claims.

The mode or process,herein described, of forming nuteblanks, that is to say, first indentng the metal while it is hot, and afterward, i/vhen the metal 1s cold, or nearly so, subjecting it to the action-of a, punch,

which completes the hole by removing the indented' In testimony whereof, we have signed our 11a-mes to this specica-tion, in the presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

JOSHUA W. GASKILL.

JAMES CHRISTIE.

Witnesses:

AARON Snnmss, E. H. EYERMAN. 

